Over the past few decades, advances in computer hardware have revolutionized the way we live and work. From the first electronic computers to the modern day supercomputers, the capabilities of computer hardware have continued to expand and evolve.
One area of current research and development in computer hardware is optical computing. Optical computing uses light as a medium for processing and storing data, rather than electricity. This approach has the potential to significantly increase the speed and efficiency of computing, as light can travel much faster than electricity. Some recent examples of impactful work in this area include the development of a photonic chip for use in data centers \citep{liu2020photonic}, and the demonstration of a scalable optical computer using silicon-based photonic circuits \citep{wang2021scalable}.
Another exciting area of research in computer hardware is quantum computing. Quantum computers use the principles of quantum mechanics to perform calculations that are exponentially faster than those of classical computers. While still in the early stages of development, quantum computers have the potential to solve complex problems that are currently beyond the capabilities of classical computers, such as breaking modern encryption algorithms and simulating complex chemical reactions. Some recent examples of impactful work in this area include the development of a quantum computer with error rates low enough to perform useful calculations \citep{zhong2020quantum}, and the demonstration of a quantum computer that can perform calculations exponentially faster than a classical computer \citep{arute2019quantum}.
In conclusion, the state of the art in computer hardware is constantly evolving, with exciting developments in areas such as optical and quantum computing. These advances have the potential to significantly impact the way we live and work, and will continue to drive innovation in the field for years to come.
For more information please see the PDF below.